Ler História 60 / July 2011
Studies
Prestige, Rituals and institutionalization of Power
Ana Isabel Buescu
The death of the king. Entombing and conveying ceremonies of the «royal corpses» (1499-1582)
José Antonio Guillén Berrendero
Iconography of honour and prestige: Kings of Arms and Knights of the Military Orders in Portugal and Castile centuries XVII-XVIIIJosé Subtil
Pombal and the King: favouring and governmentalism?
Tensions and reforms during the French Invasions
Teresa Fonseca
The persecution of the regal magistrates in the aftermath of the first French Invasion. The case of AlentejoAntónio Pedro Manique
Junot and the french influences in the reformation of the Public Administration – The role of the corregedores-mores
The Estado Novo between discourses and practices
Ana Carina Azevedo
The colonial discourse of the Estado Novo in the press of feminine organizations of the regime: Meninae Moça and PresençaDavid Castaño
The faithful ally. The negotiations for the 1949 agreement of uranium exploring and exportingHelena da Silva
Selection and discrimination of Nursing Professional during the Estado Novo (1938-1963)
Mirror Clio
Ferdinand Opll
The European Atlas of Historic Towns. Project, Vision, Achievements
Debates
Joana Pontes
History, memory and politics
Book reviews
Indexes (2006 - 2011)
Abstracts
Ler História 60 / July 2011
Ana Isabel Buescu
This paper deals with a particular aspect of the practices, beliefs and symbols linked to the moment of death in medieval and early-modern society. Taking as a starting point the moments and descriptions on the death and burial of the Portuguese kings in the 16th century, with incidental incursions through other chronological periods, the aim is to stress the links – material, ritual, symbolic – between the death of the king and the power of royalty in Early-Modern Portugal.
José Antonio Guillén Berrendero
This paper focuses on demonstrating the power of visual representations of honoured individuals in Castile and Portugal. This shows a transversal vision of the representation of honour and prestige by identifying the different signs of nobility that are assigned to the knights of the Military Orders and to the Kings of Arms. For the first, it analyses the specific elements that identified the individuals by their noble condition. In the case of Kings of Arms, we focus on the iconographical and social value of its production, whereas here in armarias of lineages or blazons granted to an individual.
José Subtil
Following a synthesis regarding the royal decision-making process and the role played by the escrivães da puridade – royal secretaries or «validos» – and by the secretaries of State, it can be concluded that the period of Pombal corresponds to a new political phase, characterized by the development of an active and reformist government, supported by an innovative administrative structure that tended to «autonomize» itself from the traditional political society and even from the very seat of royal power. In these circumstances, Pombal exercised, in fact, the role of a Prime-Minister, different from the role of a «valido» that would have seeked to impose himself politically between the King, the secretariates, the courts and the councils.
António Pedro Manique
The making of the liberal administrative system was strongly influenced by the French administrative principles and practices. However, those principles were discussed in Portugal since the first attempts to reform the Ancien Régime local administration. Napoleonic practices occurred during first French Invasion created a negative image, which made difficult any political debate on the issue. The purpose of this paper is to show a continual thinking, in terms of administrative theory, from the end of the 18th century till the making of liberal local administration, underlining the role performed by corregedores-mores, appointed by Junot.
Teresa Fonseca
This study attempts to explain the persecutions against regal territorial magistrates in popular anti-French insurrections context, broken out in all country in the last months of Portuguese occupation by Napoleonic army. It examines this occurrence in Alentejo Province during the most disturbed social tumults that took place in June and July 1808.
Ana Carina Azevedo
The decolonization wave that emerged after World War II became a challenge to the Portuguese political regime because it still insisted to defend a multi continental policy. The building of a new colonial speech, namely by feminine organizations of the Estado Novo, had an important role in justifying that premise. Until 1974, the feminine colonial speech presented an evolution through which it tried to adapt to circumstances that the political regime was unable to avoid. Still, the changes done are but mere artifices with the goal of changing all that is unnecessary so that the essential may remain.
David Castaño
In June 1949, Portuguese and British governments sign an agreement that allowed the exploring and exporting of Portuguese uranium to the United Kingdom. Salazar conceded to the requests of western powers, reinforcing the integration of the regime in the western bloc. Just like in the cases of ceding the usage of the Azorean bases, the embargo of wolfram exports, the joining to OECE and the integration in NATO, pragmatism substituted mistrust and the «old ally» acted as mediator between Portugal and the emerging power. British intermediation made easier the adaptation that granted more 25 years of the regime survival.
Helena da Silva
This article focuses on the intervention of the Estado Novo in the Portuguese nursing schools and its consequences. At the end of the 19th century, the first nursing schools were created in Portugal to give a scientific training to students of both genders, without any discrimination by gender or by marital status. In the 1940s, this situation changed, due to the interference of the Portuguese State in the nursing staff training. The establishment of new rules for the nursing schools affected also the nursing professionals, as well as the national wealth system and the assistance to hospitals’ patients.