Ler História 64 / 2013
Dossier: FROM CORPORATISM TO THE SOCIAL DEMOCRATIC STATE: INSTITUTIONS AND PROJECTS
Miriam Halpern Pereira
Presentation
Ana Campos e Maria Manuela Rocha
Corporatism and Social Assistance: the «Statute of Social Assistance»
José Luís Cardoso e Nuno Estêvão Ferreira
The Corporative Chamber (1935-1974) and public policies during the Estado Novo
José António Pereirinha e Francisco Branco
A historical approach to the standards of minimum income in Portugal
Studies
Fernando Dores Costa
The count of Palmela in Cadiz (1810-1812) and the application of Carlota Joaquina to the Regency of Spain
Fernando Sá
Antero de Quental: Liberty, Equality and Fraternity
Filipe Abreu Nunes
Recruitment of administrative elites in contemporary Portugal
Alice Cunha
The Council of the European Union: the Portuguese presidency (1992, 2000 and 2007)
Debates
Vinícius Dantas
The privança in the restored Portugal. The historiography of the 3rd Count of Castelo Melhor
Mirror Clio
FÁTIMA SEQUEIRA DIAS: 1958-2013
Fernando Lopes, Conceição Andrade Martins, Irene Vaquinhas e Inácio Steinhardt
Reviews
Abstracts
Ler História 64 / 2013
Ana Campos e Maria Manuela Rocha
In Portugal, during the Estado Novo dictatorship, the improvement of the living conditions of the population was assured by the social assistance and welfare institutions. The two should be coordinated to limit socially unacceptable living conditions, considered fuses of contestation, thus fitting into the set of measures imposed by the regime aimed to achieve social peace. The analysis of the 1944 Estatuto da Assistência Social (Social Assistance legal statute), in particular its production process and its discussion in government bodies, becomes vital for understanding the nature and doctrinal principles governing the social policy of this period, their limitations and their development.
Keywords: Estado Novo; social assistance; social insurance; corporatism.
José Luís Cardoso e Nuno Estêvão Ferreira
Though not playing a central function within the political structural organization of Salazar's regime, the Corporative Chamber has featured an important role for the definition of public policies. This Chamber joined together representatives of sectorial interests – economic, academic and administrative – and was therefore a relevant institution providing political and technical support to the government's action. In so doing, the Chamber has reflected and enlarged the main debates participated by the political elite. This article analyses the set of advices and recommendations issued by the Corporatist Chamber and presents their global meaning, specially focusing on those that have directly contributed to the definition of economic and financial policies of the regime, during its first decades.
Keywords: Corporatist Chamber; Estado Novo; public policies; economic policy.
José António Pereirinha e Francisco Branco
This paper presents an interpretive analysis of the history of the minimum social in Portugal. We intend to rebuild the historical journey of the evolution of minimum income standards, identifying and contextualizing the milestones that influenced their evolution. This analysis is part of a research project that intends, through a consensual approach of standard budgets, to determine the value of adequate minimum income in Portugal and make a comparison with the values of minimum social standards that constitute a reference for setting values for the minimum wage and social benefits.
Keywords: Adequate income; minimum wage; social minimum; poverty.
Fernando Dores Costa
D. Pedro de Sousa e Holstein, count of Palmela (1812) and later one of the three leading dukes of the liberal regime in Portugal, was since 1809 the diplomatic reprehensive in Spain of the government of Prince D. João, heir of the Portuguese throne, established in Rio de Janeiro. Sousa e Holstein followed the difficulties of the Spanish juntas and regency that opposed the Napoleonic monarchy of José Bonaparte and the French army. From the writings of future duke we emphasize two issues: the absence of affection for the liberal ideas and the unexpected political and military importance of the candidacy of Carlota de Bourbon, wife of the Portuguese Prince, presented as a path to a British hegemony similar to the one carry out in Portugal.
Keywords: Peninsular War; Cortes of Cádis; duke of Palmela, Carlota de Bourbon.
Fernando Sá
The purpose of this paper is to present how the idea of "Liberty, Equality and Fraternity" have evolved to "Liberty and Justice" in the political thought of Antero de Quental, poet, philosopher and 19TH century Portuguese Socialist militant.
Keywords: Liberty, Equality, Fraternity, Justice, Antero de Quental.
Filipe Abreu Nunes
The media, the politicians and even some exploratory studies portray the Portuguese democracy top civil servants as a group marked by cronyism and politicization. During the liberal past the portrait was quite similar. In this article, and according with available data, we defend the idea that there is a contrast between this image and reality. The administrative elite Portuguese seems to reveal over time and in different political regimes a strong continuity of a pattern of professional autonomy at the top of central state administration, though colored by the persistence of clientelistic dynamics in local state administration.
Keywords: Administrative elites; liberalism; Estado Novo; democratic Portugal.
Alice Cunha
The European Union is a living organism in constant reinvention, to what regards its common policies, number of Member States, and goals to pursue. In the framework of its institutions the Council advocates member States' interests. As an intergovernmental institution, it is up to each Member State to ensure the rotating presidency of the Council for a period of six months. Portugal held, up to this day, three times the presidency in 1992, 2000 and 2007. This article analyzes the performance of these three presidencies, from the history of the European Union point of view and the Portuguese participation on it.
Keywords: Council of the European Union; European Union; EU presidency; Portugal.
Vinícius Dantas
In the last twenty years, historians of the European monarchies of 17th century have demonstrated a new interest for the question of the favouritism (valimento). This fresh understanding is the result of the assimilation of a new vision regarding the role of the royal favourites in the government and the study of favouritism as a European phenomenon. Despite the consolidation of this historiographical perspective, studies about the favouritism in Portugal are still scarce. Taking the example of the historiography on the 3rd count of Castelo Melhor, this article approaches the question of favouritism in Portugal in the second half of 17 th century.
Keywords: Favouritism; 3rd count of Castelo Melhor; historiography.